Introduction

In this review, we will analyze the performance of Samsung Electro-Mechanics' CL05B104KP5NNWC capacitor based on LCR measurements. This 100nF ceramic capacitor is within the X7R composition, has a tolerance of ±10%, and features a compact surface mount (0402 or 1005 metric) package. The assessment is centered on comparing the component's performance data with the following statistical benchmark data:

CL05B104KP5NNWC LCR Measurements at 1 and 10 Volts

Various test frequencies ranging from 5kHz to 1MHz enable the examination of impedance, dissipation factor, quality factor, series resistance, and series capacitance. Consequently, this thorough analysis aims to guide qualified engineers in evaluating this capacitor for use in their circuits.

Here is a summary of pros and cons of the CL05B104KP5NNWC capacitor :

• Pros:
  1. Compact SMD package (0402, 1005 metric) for easy integration in device designs
  2. Stable performance within the X7R ceramic composition
  3. Within the 10% tolerance limit at most test frequencies
• Cons:
  1. Quality factor at some test frequencies lower than the industry benchmark
  2. Dissipation factor at certain test frequencies higher than the industry benchmark
  3. Resolution of benchmark data trails off after 700kHz test frequency

In order to provide authentic, in-depth, and meaningful review, the subsequent sections will dive deeper into the capacitance, series resistance, dissipation factor, as well as quality factor aspects of the CL05B104KP5NNWC capacitor, relating these to the statistical benchmarks gathered. As such, the discussion encourages a comprehensive understanding of the component's performance, thereby contributing to an elevated SEO value for capacitors, ceramic: X7R, related terms, and the part number itself.

Impedance

Upon examining the 1 Volt test conditions, the CL05B104KP5NNWC multilayer ceramic capacitor (MLCC) demonstrates a mix of impedance tendencies when compared to the benchmark. At the 5kHz and 10kHz test frequencies, the capacitor delivers results that slightly surpass the benchmark average. Specifically, the impedance values measured are 327.1 Ohms and 165.5 Ohms, respectively. At 20kHz, the impedance measurement reaches 84.7 Ohms, slightly above the average value of the statistical benchmark. This trend continues across higher test frequencies such as 75kHz (24.15 Ohms) and 100kHz (18.39 Ohms).

Moving to the 10-Volt test conditions, interesting comparisons continue to unfold. While at the low-frequency range (5kHz and 10kHz), the capacitor's impedance measurements are marginally above the benchmark average, showing values of 323.9 Ohms and 159.4 Ohms, respectively. Additionally, at higher frequencies like 20kHz, 50kHz, and 75kHz, the component exhibits a more prominent dip below the benchmark when impedance values hit 76.59 Ohms, 30.31 Ohms, and 20.69 Ohms, respectively. A similar trend continues across the remaining frequency range; however, impedance data for frequency values between 750kHz to 1MHz have not been provided.

This performance variability in impedance across different test conditions and frequencies should be taken into consideration by engineers seeking an optimal capacitor choice for their specific application requirements. The findings can offer insights into the CL05B104KP5NNWC's behavior under various operating conditions, which is essential when designing reliable and high-performance electronic circuits. In particular, selecting a capacitor with Ceramic: X7R compositions and within the 0402 (1005 Metric) package range demands thorough study to ensure its suitability in maintaining desired voltage regulation and transient response.

Capacitance

At a test frequency of 5 Hz with 1V applied, the CL05B104KP5NNWC exhibits a series capacitance of 101.8nF, which is comparable to the average series capacitance of 101.8nF in the statistical benchmark. This means that at a low frequency, the component performs consistently with other similar capacitors in the market. As the test frequency increases to 10k Hz, the component's capacitance (96.14nF) is slightly lower than the benchmark average (96.9nF). Furthermore, when the test frequency rises to 100k Hz, the component's capacitance (86.42nF) is found to be below the benchmark average (88.4nF). This indicates a trend of the CL05B104KP5NNWC's capacitance being lower than the statistical benchmark as the frequency increases, potentially due to the dielectric characteristics of the capacitor.

When the voltage is increased to 10V, it highlights the component's performance more noticeably. At a test frequency of 5 Hz, the CL05B104KP5NNWC's maximum capacitance (102.2nF) surpasses the benchmark's maximum value (115 nF), implying that this component performs well at lower frequencies and higher voltages. This trend continues, even as the test frequency rises to 10k Hz, where the component's maximum capacitance (99.81nF) surpasses the benchmark's maximum value (106.4nF). On the other hand, at a test frequency of 20k Hz, the CL05B104KP5NNWC's capacitance (103.9nF) falls closer to the benchmark average (94.99nF), showing a relatively consistent performance as the frequency increases. However, at 100k Hz, it moves closer to the benchmark's minimum value (69.64nF), which indicates that while the CL05B104KP5NNWC may be suitable for applications involving lower frequencies and higher voltages, its performance at higher frequencies may be less optimal compared to other components.

Series Resistance

The CL05B104KP5NNWC capacitor, manufactured by Samsung Electro-Mechanics, belongs to the Ceramic: X7R composition category. In this review, a thorough evaluation of the performance of series resistance across various frequencies at 1 Volt and 10 Volts is presented. The emphasis is on offering a transparent and thought-provoking comparison between the obtained component measurements and statistical benchmark data in order to aid engineers in determining the feasibility of employing this capacitor in their designs.

When operated at 1 Volt, the CL05B104KP5NNWC exhibits series resistance values of 9.806kΩ at 5kHz and 4.942kΩ at 10kHz. Upon comparing these values with the average series resistance values derived from statistical benchmark data (8.751kΩ at 5kHz and 4.329kΩ at 10kHz), it becomes apparent that the capacitor's performance is marginally below par in this range.

On the other hand, at the 100kHz test frequency and 1 Volt, the capacitor presents a series resistance of 409.5mΩ, which surpasses the statistical benchmark average of 491mΩ. This improvement in performance is consistent with increasing test frequency, thus implying that the CL05B104KP5NNWC is a more fitting choice for high-frequency applications under this voltage condition.

While operating at 10 Volts, the series resistance values observed for the capacitor stand at 1.271kΩ at 5kHz and 7.39kΩ at 10kHz. These figures reveal a deficiency in performance compared to the respective average series resistances obtained from the statistical benchmark data. Nevertheless, as the test frequency rises, the capacitor begins to demonstrate improved performance. For instance, at 100kHz, the series resistance measures at 814.5mΩ, significantly outpacing the benchmark data average of 491mΩ. This pattern suggests that the CL05B104KP5NNWC is also well-suited for high-frequency applications when deployed at 10 Volts.

Dissipation Factor and Quality Factor

In this section, we will examine the performance of the capacitor in terms of its Dissipation Factor (Df) and Quality Factor (Q). Both of these parameters help in understanding the efficiency and energy losses related to the capacitor's operation. A low Df signifies efficient energy delivery, while a high Q indicates low losses and enhanced performance. Our analysis will focus on comparing the LCR measurements of the test capacitor against the statistical benchmark data.

At 1 Volt, the capacitor exhibited a fairly stable Df, ranging between 0.031 and 0.039, with the lowest value occurring at 100 kHz. While comparatively lower than other capacitors within the same rating range, it is still within acceptable values for normal operation. This implies that the capacitor can deliver energy efficiently at 1 Volt.

Examining the Q factor at 1 Volt, the performance is respectable but there's room for improvement, especially for high-performance applications. The highest Q is observed at 100 kHz (45.52), followed by a steady decline in performance as the frequency increases. This decrease in Q implies higher losses at higher frequencies, which indicates that the capacitor might not be suitable for high-frequency applications without additional optimization.

At 10 Volts, the Df shows mixed results. While the values remain fairly low, ranging between 0.005 and 0.051, the consistency observed at 1 Volt starts diminishing. The minimum Df is observed at 5 kHz (0.005) and the maximum at 75 kHz (0.051), signifying that the capacitor's performance might be affected at high voltages. It also implies that the efficiency may not remain consistent across the entire tested frequency range when operating at 10 Volts.

Similar to the Df, the Q factor at 10 Volts displays a somewhat inconsistent performance, with the highest Q observed at 5 kHz (185.94), which is drastically different from the other measured values. However, on moving to higher test frequencies, a decrease in Q is observed, with the lowest value seen at 10 kHz (21.46), which is on the edge of acceptable performance. This might be an area of concern for applications requiring stable performance at both high voltages and high frequencies.

In summary, the analysis of the Df and Q of the capacitor reveals that it performs acceptably at lower voltages but might require improvement when operating at higher voltages and frequencies. This information can be valuable for engineers when selecting capacitors for specific functions within electronic systems, to ensure optimal energy delivery and minimal losses during operation.

Comparative Analysis

Conclusion

In this technical review, we have conducted an in-depth analysis and comparison of the Samsung Electro-Mechanics CL05B104KP5NNWC Capacitor with a statistical benchmark based on other components of the same value. Overall, when compared to the statistical benchmark, the performance of the CL05B104KP5NNWC remains predominantly within the average range.

At lower test frequencies and higher test frequencies, the CL05B104KP5NNWC exhibits average impedance, series resistance, and dissipation factor, staying relatively aligned to the benchmark data. However, when test voltage fluctuates from 1V to 10V, the dissipation factor for both low and high frequencies deviates significantly from the benchmark, implying underlying dependencies between the voltage and the capacitor's performance.

Quality Factor is one performance aspect where the CL05B104KP5NNWC tends to perform comparatively poorer than the benchmark. This characteristic is particularly evident when the test voltage increases from 1V to 10V. Nonetheless, for certain frequencies, the CL05B104KP5NNWC demonstrates satisfying performance, approaching the benchmark's average.

In conclusion, the Samsung Electro-Mechanics CL05B104KP5NNWC Capacitor exhibits average to below-average performance characteristics in comparison to the statistical benchmark. Engineers should carefully evaluate whether the component’s specifications would potentially impact their circuits' performance and reliability. When optimal performance is required or the component may be subjected to varying voltage conditions, it is advised to explore additional alternatives.