Introduction

In this technical review, we will delve into the performance of the Murata Electronics GRM32ER71A476KE15L Capacitor and compare it against the statistical benchmark data, enabling engineers to make well-informed decisions when assessing its applicability in their circuits.

The GRM32ER71A476KE15L is a Ceramic: X7R type capacitor with a nominal value of 47μF, a tolerance of ±10%, a voltage rating of 10V, and a package size of 1210 (3225 Metric). The component is surface-mounted, yielding ease of integration in modern electronics designs.

• High capacitance value for a relatively small package size
• Wide temperature range with moderate capacitance change
• Stable performance over a wide frequency range
• X7R ceramic composition for stable temperature and voltage performance
• Surface mount technology for ease of integration

• Variability in some parameters across different test voltages
• Dissipation factor increases notably at higher test frequencies
• Quality factor decreases sharply in response to rising test frequency

Our analysis will scrutinize the performance of the GRM32ER71A476KE15L Capacitor in terms of capacitance, series resistance, dissipation factor, and quality factor. The outcome should illustrate how well this component performs compared to the statistical benchmark data, enabling informed decision-making regarding its applicability in electronics circuit designs.

Impedance

An intricate assessment of the Murata Electronics GRM32ER71A476KE15L capacitor provides sweeping insights into its performance under varied impedance scenarios at multiple test frequencies. Two sets of measurement conditions were employed: 1 Volt and 10 Volt. Observations reveal both positive and negative attributes of this device when compared to the Ceramic: X7R Capacitor benchmark.

In a thoughtful analysis of the capacitor's performance at 1 Volt, we find that the GRM32ER71A476KE15L delivers above-average impedance values for a majority of the test frequencies. At lower test frequencies, such as 5 Hz and 10 Hz, however, its impedance falls below the median. As the test frequency escalates to higher levels like 200 kHz and 400 kHz, this capacitor's impedance showcases noteworthy enhancement that surpasses the average significantly. Low impedance at higher frequencies can be advantageous in critical circuits that demand minimal impedance to function properly.

Additionally, upon examining the LCR Measurements at 10 Volts, the GRM32ER71A476KE15L capacitor exhibits parallel trends. It tends to match or outperform the average impedance values, predominantly as the test frequency ascends. While it may not precisely adhere to the statistical benchmarks across all test frequencies, this Ceramic: X7R Capacitor generally spans from satisfactory levels to exceptional accomplishments in reduced impedance performance, particularly at elevated frequencies. Understanding the behavior of capacitors, like the GRM32ER71A476KE15L, at different impedance levels helps engineers make educated choices on their suitability for specific applications.

Capacitance

At lower test frequencies (5 Hz to 100 Hz), the GRM32ER71A476KE15L Capacitor demonstrates capacitance values fairly close to the average values found in statistical benchmark data. For instance, at 10 Hz, the component exhibits a capacitance of 52.85 μF, compared to the average value of 48.14 μF in the benchmark. However, as we move towards higher test frequencies, the component begins to show a remarkable difference when compared to the benchmark data, which is quite intriguing from an electronics engineering perspective.

While the benchmark reveals a steady decrease in the average series capacitance beyond 100 Hz, the GRM32ER71A476KE15L Capacitor maintains relatively high capacitance values up to 100 kHz. An analysis of the component data at 1 Volt shows a capacitance of 28.45 μF recorded at 100 kHz, compared to the 30.1 μF average value in the benchmark data. This consistency in maintaining capacitance levels is noteworthy, as it demonstrates the component's stability across a wide range of frequencies and adds to its credibility for various applications.

Moreover, as the test frequencies increase beyond 100 kHz, the GRM32ER71A476KE15L Capacitor exhibits an interesting trend that sets it apart from the benchmark data. It demonstrates an astonishing increase in its series capacitance, reaching up to 484.5 μF at 750 kHz. In comparison, the benchmark data shows a maximum capacitance value of 118.6 μF at the same frequency. This unique behavior could potentially lead to enlightening discussions among electronic engineers on its influence in real-world applications and design considerations.

Moving on to the component data at a higher voltage of 10 Volts, a similar trend is observed as the test frequency increases. At lower frequencies, the GRM32ER71A476KE15L Capacitor shows values close to the statistical benchmark data. However, as the frequency increases beyond 100 kHz, the component presents a significantly higher capacitance than the benchmark data. This impartial observation highlights unique values of 11.44 mF at 500 kHz and 3.47 mF at 550 kHz, offering further insights into the capacitor's performance over a larger range of frequencies and voltages.

Series Resistance

Insights into Series Resistance: In this section, we will meticulously analyze the series resistance of the GRM32ER71A476KE15L capacitor across a wide range of test frequencies at both 1 Volt and 10 Volt test voltages. The results will be contrasted to the statistical benchmark figures, shedding light on the potential implications for various applications that may involve this capacitor.

1 Volt Test Results: At a test voltage of 1 Volt, the GRM32ER71A476KE15L capacitor demonstrates commendable efficiency, as it exhibits a lower series resistance than the average (Avg) value across the majority of tested frequencies, especially in the range of 50 Hz to 10 kHz. In the lower test frequencies (5 Hz and 10 Hz), the capacitor's resistance measurements are in close proximity to the Avg series resistance values, signifying satisfactory performance. As the test frequency increases from 5 kHz to 1 MHz, the GRM32ER71A476KE15L capacitor continues to maintain lower resistance measurements than the Avg benchmark figures, with performance improvements becoming more pronounced at higher frequencies.

10 Volt Test Results: Observing the LCR measurements at a test voltage of 10 Volts, the GRM32ER71A476KE15L capacitor continues to perform admirably, with its series resistance remaining reasonably lower than the statistical benchmark's Avg series resistance for corresponding frequencies from 100 Hz to 1 MHz. However, at the lower test frequencies of 5 Hz and 10 Hz, the capacitor slightly underperforms against the benchmark, with resistance measurements exhibiting marginally higher values than the benchmark's Avg.

Conclusions and Application Insights: Taking the gathered data into account, it can be inferred that the GRM32ER71A476KE15L capacitor exhibits potential advantages in applications where its lower series resistance proves beneficial, particularly in contexts involving higher frequency designs. Consequently, engineers and designers can integrate this capacitor into such applications with the assurance that it will perform effectively, especially in the higher test frequencies where its lower resistance contributes to its enhanced capabilities.

Dissipation Factor and Quality Factor

The GRM32ER71A476KE15L capacitor exhibits varying Dissipation Factor (Df) values and Quality Factor (Q) values across different frequencies and voltage levels. Analyzing these factors is essential as they indicate the component's efficiency and suitability for specific applications.

When tested at 1 Volt, the GRM32ER71A476KE15L presents Df values ranging from 0.069 at 5 Hz to 7.216 at 500 kHz. The Quality Factor exhibits an inverse relationship with frequency, as it measures 14.50 at 5 Hz and decreases to 0.08 at 600 kHz. The capacitor's peak Q is 17.88, which corresponds to the Df value of 0.056 at 1 kHz.

Upon increasing the voltage to 10 Volts, the Df values shift from 0.078 at 5 Hz to 8.371 at 450 kHz. The Quality Factor displays a continuous decrease, initiating from 12.91 at 5 Hz and reaching a minimum of 0.04 at 550 kHz. The maximum Q achieved under these conditions is 9.73 at multiple frequencies, specifically 500 Hz and 5 kHz.

In terms of the GRM32ER71A476KE15L capacitor's performance, it delivers satisfactory results at lower frequencies and the 1 Volt test condition, maintaining a relatively stable Q level. However, as the frequency increases and particularly at 10 Volts, the Q and Df values reveal lessened efficiency, consequently impacting the capacitor's appropriateness for applications that operate within these boundaries. When selecting a capacitor for a specific application, it is crucial to consider the Df and Q values to ensure that the component possesses the desired performance characteristics for the intended use.

Comparative Analysis

Conclusion

After the thorough evaluation of the GRM32ER71A476KE15L Ceramic: X7R capacitor by Murata Electronics, it is time for a decisive summary. The performance of this 47μF capacitor with ±10% tolerance and a 10V voltage rating has been compared to the statistical benchmark data throughout various test frequencies at 1V and 10V. Through this meticulous assessment, electronic engineers should have a deep understanding to determine whether or not this capacitor is right for their needs.

From the LCR measurements at 1V and 10V, the GRM32ER71A476KE15L showcased a consistent dissipation factor throughout the test frequencies with some deviations compared to the statistical benchmark data. The quality factor showed fluctuations but still demonstrated competence compared to benchmark standards. The series resistance and capacitance measurements showcased a respectable outcome despite some variances at higher frequencies.

In summary, the GRM32ER71A476KE15L Ceramic: X7R capacitor is a solid performer with reliable results in keyparameters such as impedance, series resistance, and capacitance. This component showcases resilience in various test scenarios making it a worthy contender among other capacitors of similar value. However, some deviations from the statistical benchmark data may require further analysis on a case-to-case basis.