Introduction

In this technical review, we will analyze the performance of the Murata Electronics GRM033R61A104KE15D Capacitor, a Ceramic: X5R, surface-mount component with a nominal capacitance value of 100n and a tolerance of ±10%. With a voltage rating of 10 volts, this component is packaged in 0201 (0603 Metric) form factor. We will meticulously scrutinize this capacitor by comparing it to a statistical benchmark formed by other capacitors with similar specifications. This in-depth review will focus on key parameters like capacitance, series resistance, dissipation factor, and quality factor to offer a comprehensive assessment of its performance.

Engineers assessing the applicability of this capacitor for their circuits will gain valuable insights into its characteristics and performance, which will inform their decisions on whether to choose this component for their designs.

Pros:

• Decent range of test frequencies
• Relatively low dissipation factors

Cons:

• Performance deviation from the benchmark
• Significant capacitance value drop at higher test frequencies

Impedance

In a comprehensive analysis of the GRM033R61A104KE15D capacitor from Murata Electronics, it is essential to focus on the impedance performance within this section. Impedance measurements have been taken to understand the suitability of this capacitor for certain applications. It is important to note that impedance plays a crucial role in determining the capacitor's effectiveness and compatibility with specific electronic circuits.

At 1 Volt, the GRM033R61A104KE15D capacitor exhibits lower impedance across numerous test frequencies when compared to the statistical benchmark data. For example, at 5 kHz, the capacitor demonstrates an impedance of 308.1 Ohms, while the average impedance within the benchmark data is reported as 325.6 Ohms. This lower impedance results in better energy storage and energy dissipation capabilities, making the capacitor more effective in low-frequency applications. Similarly, at 50 kHz, the capacitor's impedance is measured at 36.08 Ohms, proving to be better than the average impedance of 34.91 Ohms for the benchmark. This further enhances the capacitor's performance in high-frequency applications.

However, on some test frequencies, the GRM033R61A104KE15D capacitor displays a higher impedance compared to the benchmark. For instance, at 75 kHz, the impedance is recorded to be 25.28 Ohms, which is slightly higher than the benchmark's average of 23.75 Ohms. It is crucial for engineers to evaluate these differences and their potential impact on the function of their intended circuits.

At 10 Volts, it is important to note that the GRM033R61A104KE15D capacitor exhibits higher impedance values across multiple test frequencies, compared to the 1 Volt measurements. For example, at 5 kHz, the impedance increases to 510.3 Ohms, and at 50 kHz, it measures 33.56 Ohms. This increase may have operational implications in applications with higher voltage scenarios. In contrast, the benchmark data is not provided at this voltage level, making a direct comparison unfeasible. Engineers should carefully analyze these values with respect to their intended circuit designs.

Impedance values are essential in determining the performance of capacitors at different voltage levels. Engineers need to examine these measurements to determine if the GRM033R61A104KE15D capacitor from Murata Electronics meets their specific application requirements, ensuring optimal functionality and performance within the intended circuits.

Capacitance

The Murata Electronics' GRM033R61A104KE15D is a Ceramic X5R type capacitor with a nominal capacitance value of 100 nF. When comparing its capacitance values to the statistical benchmark data of similar components, this capacitor exhibits noticeable deviations. An analysis at different test frequencies at one volt helps emphasize the variances in capacitance values for Murata's GRM033R61A104KE15D in comparison to the average benchmark.

For example, at a low frequency of 5 Hz, the GRM033R61A104KE15D demonstrates a capacitance value of 109 nF, which is higher than the average benchmark value of 101.8 nF. Conversely, at 50 kHz, the GRM033R61A104KE15D measures 88.11 nF, while the benchmark has a marginally higher value of 91.32 nF. This variation in capacitance values highlights the deviation between the GRM033R61A104KE15D's performance and the benchmark standards throughout the entire frequency spectrum.

Upon further examination of LCR measurements at 10 volts, it becomes evident that the performance of GRM033R61A104KE15D exhibits more significant discrepancies when compared to the 1-volt data. For instance, at lower frequencies below 20 kHz, the GRM033R61A104KE15D indicates capacitance values lower than the benchmark. However, at higher frequencies, the GRM033R61A104KE15D surpasses the benchmark, reaching capacitance values of 99.81 nF and 100.7 nF at 75 kHz and 100 kHz, respectively, as opposed to the benchmark averages of 89.59 nF and 88.4 nF.

In summary, the GRM033R61A104KE15D capacitor exhibits considerable inconsistencies in capacitance values when juxtaposed against the statistical benchmark data. Engineers may prefer alternative components that more closely match the benchmark averages when considering capacitance stability. However, it is important to note that the high-frequency capacitance values of the GRM033R61A104KE15D could potentially be advantageous for specific applications where variation in capacitance over frequency is deemed acceptable or even beneficial.

Series Resistance

When tested at 1 Volt, the GRM033R61A104KE15D exhibits a series resistance of 17.31k at a test frequency of 5 Hz. This value is significantly higher than the statistical benchmark's average of 8.751k and falls between the specified minimum of 1.46k and the maximum of 22.34k. Similarly, at 10 Hz test frequency, the component's series resistance measures 8.798k, which is contrasting to the benchmark's average of 4.329k, but still within the range of the provided minimum and maximum values. Notably, at 50, 100, and 500 Hz test frequencies, the GRM033R61A104KE15D performs comparatively well, as its series resistance values approach the benchmark's average. At 1 kHz and beyond, the component demonstrates better performance, exhibiting series resistance within the benchmark range and occasionally recording values close to or marginally below the benchmark's average.

When subjected to testing at 10 Volts, the GRM033R61A104KE15D capacitor reveals a series resistance of 8.035k at 10 Hz. It exceeds the statistical benchmark average but remains relatively close to the maximum range. At test frequencies ranging from 50 Hz to 1 MHz, the GRM033R61A104KE15D component possesses series resistance values within an acceptable benchmark range, thereby enabling a reliable and competent performance as part of an electronics engineer's circuit design.

In summary, while the GRM033R61A104KE15D displays a less desirable performance in terms of series resistance at lower test frequencies, mainly at 5 Hz and 10 Hz, it demonstrates the ability to approach or surpass statistical benchmarks at higher test frequencies, from 1 kHz onwards. This feature positions the component as a viable candidate for use in various circuit applications. However, electronics engineers should carefully consider the component's performance at low frequencies before incorporating it into their designs, particularly if an excellent low-frequency response is required.

Dissipation Factor and Quality Factor

When analyzing the LCR measurements at 1V, it becomes apparent that the GRM033R61A104KE15D capacitor exhibits a relatively higher dissipation factor (Df) than the benchmark. The Df values range from 0.059 to 0.035 as the test frequency increases from 5 Hz to 1 MHz. Since low Df values indicate minimized energy losses, the GRM033R61A104KE15D may not be the ideal choice for minimizing the effects of dielectric losses, especially in critical high-frequency applications where optimal performance is crucial.

In contrast, the quality factor (Q-factor) of GRM033R61A104KE15D demonstrates reasonable performance compared to the benchmark, with values ranging from 16.86 at a test frequency of 5 Hz up to 28.83 at 1 MHz. The Q-factor measures the efficiency with which a capacitor stores and releases electrical energy. Despite the capacitor's decent Q-factor, it is essential to consider individual project requirements when making component selections, as the GRM033R61A104KE15D may not always be the most suitable option.

Similar conclusions can be drawn while examining the LCR measurements at 10V. The Df of the GRM033R61A104KE15D capacitor ranges from 0.032 to 0.091 across different test frequencies, once again demonstrating higher dissipating capabilities than its benchmark. This suggests that the capacitor may not be well-suited for applications demanding minimal energy loss. Meanwhile, its Q-factor ranges from 31.37 at 10 Hz to 12.45 at 800 kHz, indicating acceptable performance. It is imperative to weigh the projected performance against other component alternatives during the selection process to ensure the most suitable choice is made for the specific application needs.

Comparative Analysis

Conclusion

In analyzing the LCR measurements of the Murata Electronics' Capacitor GRM033R61A104KE15D, a Ceramic: X5R capacitor rated at 100n, we can confidently draw conclusions on its performance when compared to the provided statistical benchmark data at both 1 Volt and 10 Volts test conditions.

At 1 Volt, the capacitor's impedance (Ohms) mostly falls within the range of average, with some measurements skewing slightly higher. Furthermore, the dissipation factor and quality factor remain consistent with benchmark values at a range of tested frequencies. This result outlines the capacitance's decent performance seen in its series resistance and capacitance readings.

When looking at the LCR measurements of the same component at 10 Volts, the impedance (Ohms) and dissipation factor follow a similar trend observed at 1 Volt, with comparable performance across various test frequencies. The quality factor values consistently show a higher performance relative to the benchmark data. However, it's also worth noting that at 10 Volts, data for the series resistance and series capacitance is unavailable for test frequencies above 800k.

Overall, the Murata Electronics' Capacitor GRM033R61A104KE15D demonstrates adequate performance longevity when subject to different voltage test conditions. With its impedance, dissipation factor, and quality factor following the benchmark readings, engineers should consider this Ceramic: X5R capacitor a reliable choice for applications requiring stable performance and efficiency.