Reviews & Analysis

Murata Electronics GRM155R71H104KE14J: A Superior Ceramic: X7R 100nF Capacitor Choice

By Mark Harris Saturday, 8 April 2023

Uncover the essential details and high performance of Murata Electronics' GRM155R71H104KE14J capacitor in our thorough, expert review. As you delve into this comprehensive analysis, you'll learn about this Ceramic: X7R, 100nF, 50V capacitor's crucial aspects such as impedance, capacitance, series resistance, dissipation factor, and quality factor. Make an informed decision for your circuit needs with our comparative analysis.

Introduction

In this technical review, we will analyze the performance of the GRM155R71H104KE14J ceramic capacitor manufactured by Murata Electronics. The capacitor exhibits a nominal value of 100nF with a tolerance of ±10% and a voltage rating of 50V. The focus of this evaluation is to critically compare the component data with statistical benchmark data to provide insights into the suitability of this X7R capacitor for use in various circuits.

Pros:
  • Noteworthy Quality Factor at low frequencies
  • Stable Series Capacitance across various test frequencies
  • Low Series Resistance in the higher test frequencies range
Cons:
  • Dissipation Factor slightly higher than benchmark data, especially at 1 Volt
  • Higher Series Resistance compared to the benchmark in lower test frequencies

Following sections of this review will delve into a detailed analysis of the capacitor's performance under the headings of Capacitance, Series Resistance, Dissipation Factor and Quality Factor, and Comparative Analysis. The aim is to offer engineers a comprehensive understanding of the GRM155R71H104KE14J capacitor and its relevance in their design considerations.

Impedance

We will analyze the impedance performance of Murata Electronics' GRM155R71H104KE14J capacitor in comparison to the provided statistical benchmark data. The test voltages provided are 1 Volt and 10 Volts.

Starting at a frequency of 5 Hz, the GRM155R71H104KE14J has an impedance of 320.6k Ohms at 1 Volt and 298.1k Ohms at 10 Volts. When comparing it to the statistical benchmark at 1 Volt, the component's impedance falls close to the average impedance value of 313.4k Ohms, making it a viable option for engineers to consider in their designs.

At frequencies of 10 Hz and 50 Hz, the component impedance stays within the range of the average benchmark impedance, with values of 160.7k Ohms and 32.32k Ohms at 1 Volt, respectively. This trend of remaining near the average impedance continues across all tested frequencies up to 1 MHz for both test voltages. Notably, at higher frequencies within the tested range, the component's impedance tends to be closer to the minimum benchmark impedance. This could indicate a more consistent performance at higher frequencies compared to the benchmark's maximum impedance.

For instance, at the 100 kHz test frequency and 1 Volt, the GRM155R71H104KE14J records an impedance value of 17.51k Ohms, which is slightly below the benchmark average of 18.07k Ohms. This performance demonstrates competitive results, as it slightly outperforms the benchmark average under this specific test condition.

Overall, the impedance performance of Murata Electronics' GRM155R71H104KE14J capacitor remains predominantly within the range of the supplied statistical benchmark data. Engineers can confidently consider this capacitor as an optimal choice for various applications, given its consistent impedance performance throughout the entire tested frequency spectrum at both 1 Volt and 10 Volts. Furthermore, this capacitor can contribute in delivering stable, efficient solutions tailored to various electronics systems and devices when operating within the range of the tested frequency response.

Capacitance

The Murata Electronics GRM155R71H104KE14J is a ceramic X7R capacitor, exhibiting a nominal capacitance value of 100nF, a tolerance of ±10%, and a voltage rating of 50V. A comprehensive analysis of this capacitor's performance at various voltage levels, frequencies, and against other capacitors in its class can allow engineers to better understand its capabilities and potential applications.

When assessing the LCR measurements of the GRM155R71H104KE14J at a 1-volt bias, its performance is generally in line with the benchmark averages across the frequency range tested. However, it is worth noting that at higher frequencies, specifically between 450kHz and 1MHz, the capacitor's performance slightly declines as capacitance values decrease progressively from 88.64nF to 88nF. This could be due to the inherent characteristic of ceramic capacitors to exhibit capacitance variation with frequency, temperature, and voltage.

Similarly, LCR measurements at a 10-volt bias reveal a consistent trend of dwindling performance at elevated frequencies, with capacitance values dropping as low as 88.37nF at 700kHz. This is an essential observation because the deviation from the nominal value becomes more significant when the frequency exceeds 50kHz. Interestingly, the GRM155R71H104KE14J demonstrates a slightly higher capacitance value at the 10V test condition compared to the 1V result, indicating an increase in capacitance up to around 20kHz before it starts decreasing.

While the GRM155R71H104KE14J exhibits moments of commendable performance that surpass average benchmark values at specific frequencies, its consistency could be a point of concern for certain applications that necessitate exceptional performance. Therefore, when evaluating capacitors like the GRM155R71H104KE14J for use in critical or high-performing circuits, engineers should closely examine these parameters and their potential impact on overall circuit performance. A careful selection process and a deep understanding of how these factors affect the component's capability to perform in demanding situations can promote efficient and reliable circuit designs.

Series Resistance

In the analysis of the GRM155R71H104KE14J capacitor focusing on series resistance, data was gathered at 1V and 10V test voltages to ensure a thorough understanding of various operating conditions. Series resistance, also known as Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR), is a significant parameter that influences a capacitor's overall performance and efficiency. Lower ESR in a capacitor is beneficial for reduced power loss and enhanced stability in different applications.

Comparing the GRM155R71H104KE14J to the statistical benchmark at a 1V test voltage, the capacitor consistently demonstrates lower series resistance (Ohms) across all test frequencies. For instance, at a 5kHz test frequency, the GRM155R71H104KE14J exhibits a 6.728 Ohm series resistance, compared to the benchmark's average of 10.02 Ohms, a considerable difference. This trend is observed across all test frequencies, further exemplifying the favorable performance of this capacitor in terms of its ESR.

Analyzing the 10V LCR measurements maintains the observations that the GRM155R71H104KE14J capacitor consistently outperforms the statistical benchmark in regard to series resistance. For example, at a 150kHz test frequency, the component recorded a series resistance of 369.7m Ohms, surpassing the benchmark's 319.3m Ohms average, once again highlighting the component's superior ESR performance. It is essential to note that this extended ESR evaluation at the higher voltage reflects capacitor efficiency in more demanding environments.

Overall, the GRM155R71H104KE14J capacitor demonstrates superior performance when considering series resistance, especially when directly compared to the statistical benchmark data. The GRM155R71H104KE14J capacitor is a compelling option for applications prioritizing low series resistance, contributing to improved energy efficiency and stable operation, making it a worthwhile choice for many projects.

Dissipation Factor and Quality Factor

In this analysis, we will examine the Dissipation Factor (Df) and Quality Factor (Q) of the GRM155R71H104KE14J capacitor and compare it with the statistical benchmark data provided. Measurements have been conducted at two different voltage levels: 1 Volt and 10 Volts.

Upon the evaluation of the LCR measurements at 1 Volt, the GRM155R71H104KE14J capacitor exhibits a Df ranging from 0.014 to 0.021. Correspondingly, the Q factor fluctuates between 47.67 and 69.59 across the frequencies studied. A lower Df indicates the capacitor loses less energy to heat and, as such, possesses lower inherent losses. These results showcase superior performance compared to the majority of the benchmark data, demonstrating a consistent low Df and relatively high Q factor, highlighting the capacitor's efficiency in energy storage and release.

Considering the LCR measurements at 10 Volts, the GRM155R71H104KE14J capacitor's Df lies between 0.025 and 0.052, while the Q values range from 19.10 to 41.32. These values indicate that even at a higher voltage level, the capacitor still performs comparatively well. The dissipation factor remains reasonable, displaying a fairly low level of energy dissipated as heat during the capacitive energy transfer. Moreover, the Q factor demonstrates adequate performance for most applications, particularly at the higher end of the frequency range (100k - 600k), which suggests the capacitor's capability to maintain its energy storage and release efficiently even under increased voltage stress.

Comparative Analysis

In the analysis of the performance of Murata Electronics' GRM155R71H104KE14J ceramic capacitor, the focus of our review will be on comparing the component data to a bench of data derived from various other capacitors with the same nominal value. The GRM155R71H104KE14J features a Ceramic: X7R composition and a 100n nominal capacitance with ±10% tolerance, making it a valid comparison to the data in the benchmark.

At 1V, the impedance of the GRM155R71H104KE14J ranges from 320.6k ohms at 5 Hz to 1.809k ohms at 1 MHz. In comparison to the statistical benchmark, the impedance values of Murata's capacitor are reliably within the average range reported but do show deviation from the minimum impedance values up until 200 kHz. However, its dissipation factor remains consistently near the minimum value specified within the benchmark data, with an overall better performance up to 1MHz. Furthermore, the Quality Factor of the capacitor consistently lies above the average values of the benchmark data at respective test frequencies, suggesting an overall better capacitor performance.

When measuring its performance at 10 Volts, this capacitor demonstrates a somewhat higher dissipation factor compared to the 1 Volt test case, while still maintaining comparable impedance values. Despite the dissipation factor being slightly higher at 10V, it remains well within the range specified by the benchmark data set. This suggests that the GRM155R71H104KE14J ceramic capacitor remains stable while the voltage increases.

One noticeable feature of the GRM155R71H104KE14J capacitance is how closely it aligns with the benchmark capacitance values, deviating between 1% - 2% from the average benchmark data. It exhibits slightly higher capacitance values on average, thereby making it a suitable choice for designs that would benefit from a slight additional amount of capacitance.

In conclusion, the comparative performance analysis of Murata Electronics' GRM155R71H104KE14J ceramic capacitor shows it is a reliable and efficient performer, often surpassing the benchmark data averages in several aspects, including its Quality Factor, Impedance, Dissipation Factor, and Capacitance Values. As such, it could prove to be a valuable component for engineers seeking optimal performance in their products.

Conclusion

After conducting an in-depth analysis of Murata Electronics' GRM155R71H104KE14J Capacitor and comparing it against a statistical benchmark, our review has found noticeable differences in performance. This Ceramic: X7R Capacitor provides a nominal capacitance value of 100n with a ±10% tolerance and a voltage rating of 50V, indicating its suitability for a variety of applications in electrical circuits.

At 1V, the GRM155R71H104KE14J exhibits an impedance range of 2.871k to 320.6k Ohms, which is fairly close to the benchmark's impedance values. However, the capacitor exhibits lower quality factors, ranging from 19.10 to 59.25, compared to the benchmark's range of 13.71 to 118.74. This results in comparatively higher dissipation factors ranging from 0.015 to 0.021, which might not meet the requirements of some demanding applications.

In comparison to the statistical benchmark, the series resistance values of the GRM155R71H104KE14J are slightly higher, ranging from 38.25m to 5.917k Ohms. The capacitor's series capacitance falls within the range of 97.58n to 99.31n Farads, which is reasonably close to the benchmark's range of 92.21n to 113n Farads. However, the capacitor's performance is quite similar to the benchmark in the 10 Volts test scenario.

Considering the technical performance of the Murata GRM155R71H104KE14J Capacitor, it might be suitable for a range of applications where the specific impedance, quality factor, and dissipation factor requirements are within the observed ranges. While its performance does not always closely match the statistical benchmark, this capacitor demonstrates reasonable overall performance and could be a suitable choice for qualified engineers evaluating capacitors for their circuits.

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