Introduction

In this technical review, we analyze the performance of the Murata Electronics capacitor, part number GCM32EC71A476KE02K, and compare it against a statistical benchmark derived from other components with the same nominal value. This Ceramic X7S surface mount capacitor with a nominal value of 47μF, a tolerance of ±10%, and a voltage rating of 10V is designed for operation in a wide range of applications. Our in-depth analysis will focus on the key properties of this capacitor, including capacitance, series resistance, dissipation factor, and quality factor. The aim is to help engineers make an informed decision on whether this component represents an optimal choice for their needs.

• Pros:
• Impedance performance remains consistent across frequencies
• Comparatively low dissipation factor at lower frequencies
• Quality factor indicates a well-performing component at lower frequencies
• Cons:
• Series resistance can be slightly higher than benchmark data at certain frequencies
• Capacitance measured at higher test voltage (10V) deviates from nominal value at specific frequencies

As we delve into the nuances of this component and compare it against benchmark data, we will provide an unbiased evaluation based on relevant field data and identify areas of interest for those looking for an exceptional Ceramic X7S capacitor.

Impedance

When comparing the impedance performance of Murata Electronics' GCM32EC71A476KE02K capacitor with the statistical benchmark, it is essential to analyze the data from various frequency points. At 10Hz, the GCM32EC71A476KE02K exhibits an impedance value of 305.7 ohms, while the statistical benchmark average stands slightly higher at 332.8 ohms. The value obtained by the capacitor is considerably lower than the benchmark maximum, which reaches 393.7 ohms. This implies that the GCM32EC71A476KE02K performs competitively in this low-frequency range.

Progressing to higher frequencies, the GCM32EC71A476KE02K capacitor continues to offer superior values in comparison to the benchmark. At 100Hz, the capacitor demonstrates an impedance of 34.12 ohms, which is lower than the average benchmark impedance of 35.87 ohms. The difference between the capacitor and the benchmark becomes even more pronounced as we investigate higher frequencies. For instance, at 1kHz, the GCM32EC71A476KE02K attains an impedance of only 4.076 ohms, significantly lower than the benchmark average of 5.046 ohms, indicating a correction. This trend continues across the majority of higher frequencies analyzed, suggesting that the capacitor delivers exceptional performance in these ranges.

However, there is a noticeable deviation from this trend within the 650kHz to 950kHz range, wherein the GCM32EC71A476KE02K exhibits higher impedance values relative to the benchmark average. With a peak impedance of 4.269 ohms at 700 kHz, as opposed to the benchmark average of 282.3 milliohms, the capacitor's performance in this specific frequency range appears to be less optimal. Despite this deviation, the GCM32EC71A476KE02K capacitor performs admirably across most other frequencies, ensuring its suitability for a wide variety of potential circuit applications. Understanding the impedance characteristics of a capacitor over different frequencies is crucial for selecting the right component for the intended application, as it can directly influence the overall performance of the electronic circuit.

Capacitance

When assessing the performance of the Murata Electronics GCM32EC71A476KE02K capacitor, which is a Ceramic X7S, 47μF capacitor with a tolerance of ±10%, it is essential to compare its LCR measurements against the statistical benchmarks of capacitors with similar specifications available in the market. The measurements presented are in the form of series capacitance and are compared at 1 Volt for the GCM32EC71A476KE02K capacitor.

In the low test frequency range (5 Hz, 10 Hz), this capacitor surpasses the statistical benchmark average, with observed series capacitance values of 52.54μF and 52.13μF, respectively. This suggests that the GCM32EC71A476KE02K capacitor can efficiently provide higher effective capacitance in circuits operating at these lower frequencies. As the frequency increases (50 Hz, 100 Hz), the difference between the component's performance and the average benchmark narrows, but the capacitor still holds an advantage with capacitance values at 49.05µF and 46.59µF respectively.

In the mid-frequency range from 200 kHz to 450 kHz, the GCM32EC71A476KE02K capacitor exhibits a significant performance improvement. At these frequencies, the observed series capacitance exceeds the benchmark due to the advanced ceramic X7S composition technology adopted by Murata Electronics. For instance, at 400 kHz, the series capacitance of the GCM32EC71A476KE02K reaches 51.42μF, which outperforms the benchmark's maximum value of 308.5μF.

Moving to the high frequency range from 500 kHz to 1 MHz, the observed series capacitance demonstrates a dynamic performance, which makes this component particularly suited for applications with high-frequency characteristics. For example, at 700 kHz, the series capacitance registers 2.297mF, substantially higher than the benchmark's maximum value of 18.56mF.

From the data provided, it is evident that this capacitor excels in both low-frequency and high-frequency applications. Its performance in middle-range frequencies is comparable to that of other capacitors within the same value range. Given its versatile performance when comparing observed capacitance values against the statistical benchmark, the GCM32EC71A476KE02K capacitor presents a solid choice for engineers selecting components for various circuits operating across different frequency ranges.

Series Resistance

In this section, we review the performance of the Murata Electronics' GCM32EC71A476KE02K in terms of its series resistance. A lower series resistance is desirable as it can provide better charge and discharge efficiency, stability, and lifetime performance. The test results obtained are compared with defined statistical benchmark data to provide a comprehensive understanding of the component's performance.

When tested at 1 Volt, the GCM32EC71A476KE02K has shown improved performance in terms of series resistance at higher test frequencies. For instance, at 100 kHz, the observed series resistance is 4.923 mOhms, which is significantly lower than the average value of 298.3 mOhms in the benchmark data. This trend continues with the series resistance at 1 MHz being 4.303 mOhms compared to the average benchmark value of 280.2 mOhms. In the low-frequency range, such as 5 Hz and 10 Hz, the component exhibits higher series resistance values of 28.42 Ohms and 14.14 Ohms, respectively, when compared to the average benchmark values of 44.75 Ohms and 18.59 Ohms. Nevertheless, the observed series resistance stays within the minimum and maximum limits of the benchmark data.

At a higher test voltage of 10 Volts, series resistance values are available for only a limited number of test frequencies. Observations such as 47.02 Ohms at 5 Hz and 24.41 Ohms at 10 Hz indicate that the increase in test voltage results in a slightly higher series resistance in comparison to the 1 Volt test results. However, similar to the 1 Volt test data, the component exhibits improved performance at 50 Hz (3.296 Ohms) and 100 Hz (1.552 Ohms) compared to the benchmark series resistance data.

The GCM32EC71A476KE02K demonstrates better performance in terms of series resistance at higher test frequencies compared to the statistical benchmark average data. This makes it a suitable candidate for applications where low series resistance at higher frequencies is crucial. However, at lower frequencies, the series resistance values show some increase. Therefore, engineers evaluating this component in their circuit designs should take these characteristics into consideration to optimally utilize the component's performance capabilities.

Dissipation Factor and Quality Factor

When evaluating the performance of the GCM32EC71A476KE02K capacitor based on its Dissipation Factor (Df) and Quality Factor (Q), it is crucial to consider that the results depend on the test frequency and voltage applied during LCR measurements. Understanding how these factors impact the Df and Q allows a more accurate assessment of the capacitor's characteristics and performance.

Under a 1-volt test condition, the Dissipation Factor of the GCM32EC71A476KE02K capacitor ranges between 0.025 at 5 kHz and 4.181 at 650 kHz, demonstrating its best performance at 5 kHz. In comparison, the Quality Factor shows a peak of 39.37 at 5 kHz and declines to a minimum of 0.05 at 700 kHz. The data indicates that the capacitor performs significantly better in terms of Df and Q at lower frequencies.

When analyzing the GCM32EC71A476KE02K capacitor's performance at 10 volts, the Dissipation Factor varies between 0.022 at 5 kHz and an unmeasured value at various higher frequencies, achieving the best Df result at 5 kHz. The Quality Factor, on the other hand, is highest at 46.06 at 5 kHz, while it remains unmeasured for higher frequency ranges from 10 kHz onwards. Like the 1-volt scenario, the capacitor excels at low frequencies, exhibiting better Df and Q values.

Conclusively, the GCM32EC71A476KE02K capacitor delivers optimal performance at lower frequencies compared to the overall statistical benchmark. Notably, the capacitor's performance could benefit from improvements at higher frequencies, particularly concerning its Dissipation Factor and Quality Factor. Therefore, while it is a suitable choice for applications that operate at lower frequencies, engineers should consider other options for high-frequency applications, where dissipation and quality factors are crucial parameters.

Comparative Analysis

Conclusion

In this technical review, we scrutinized the performance of Murata Electronics' GCM32EC71A476KE02K capacitor and juxtaposed its performance with the statistical benchmark data. The GCM32EC71A476KE02K is a ceramic capacitor (Ceramic: X7S) with a nominal value of 47μ, a tolerance of ±10%, and a voltage rating of 10 V. It is designed for surface mount applications and comes in a 1210 (3225 Metric) package.

Upon analyzing the impedance, capacitance, series resistance, dissipation factor, and quality factor data, it is evident that the GCM32EC71A476KE02K capacitor's performance falls within the acceptable range when compared to the statistical benchmark data. It is noteworthy that the capacitor exhibits slightly higher impedance and dissipation factor values than the benchmark averages at lower frequencies (5, 10, and 50 Hz). On the other hand, the capacitor shows impressive series resistance performance at higher test frequencies (at and above 1 kHz), consistently outperforming the benchmark averages. Furthermore, the GCM32EC71A476KE02K delivers excellent quality factor values at test frequencies from 5k to 10k, outpacing the benchmark data.

Engineers examining this capacitor for use in their products may find its performance suitable depending on their specific application requirements. When selecting this capacitor, one should consider its potentially higher impedance and dissipation factor values at lower frequencies and weigh the benefits of its exceptional series resistance performance at higher frequencies. The comprehensive analysis presented in this review should provide engineers with a thorough understanding of the GCM32EC71A476KE02K's performance, allowing for more informed decision-making when designing their products.