Introduction

In this technical review, we will analyze the performance of Samsung Electro-Mechanics CL05B104KP5NNNC capacitor with nominal capacitance of 100n with a tolerance of ±10% and compare it to a statistical benchmark formed from other components of the same value. The capacitor in review is a Ceramic: X7R composition capacitor, which is mounted on the surface and encapsulated in a 0402 (1005 Metric) package. The focus of this review is to provide an in-depth comparison on performance-related parameters and to help engineers evaluate whether this capacitor is an optimal choice or not.

Let's look at the main pros and cons of the CL05B104KP5NNNC capacitor:

• Pros:
• - Good Quality Factor (Q) value at low test frequencies.
• - Low Impedance values at frequencies above 20 kHz.
• - A stable Dissipation Factor (D) at multiple voltage ratings.

• - Slightly higher Series Resistance values at test frequencies below 20 kHz.
• - Dissipation Factor performance is good but falls slightly lower than the benchmark at higher frequencies.
• - Series Capacitance values are consistently below the nominal value of 100n across the entire test frequency range.

Impedance

The impedance characteristics of the Samsung Electro-Mechanics CL05B104KP5NNNC generally align with the typical values seen in the statistical benchmark data. In order to assess these characteristics, LCR (Inductance, Capacitance, and Resistance) measurements were performed at two different DC voltages (1V and 10V), and the results were compared across multiple test frequencies. The performance showed a relatively close correspondence with the average values, apart from a few noticeable differences.

At a 1V DC voltage, the capacitor exhibits slightly higher impedance values than the benchmark average at the test frequencies of 50k, 75k, 100k, and 550k Hz. However, at other test frequencies like 20k and 200k Hz, the impedance values were lower compared to the average benchmark data. Despite these deviations, the impedance values remained within the acceptable range between the minimum and maximum benchmark values.

When the test voltage was increased to 10V, the capacitor demonstrated a similar impedance performance to the 1V results. In the frequency range of 5k Hz to 300k Hz, the values closely paralleled the average benchmark data, with only a few marginal deviations at specific test frequencies. It is important to note that the performance at test frequencies above 300k Hz at 10V DC was not evaluated due to the unavailability of the required measurement data.

An accurate understanding of the impedance characteristics is crucial, especially when designing electronic circuits utilizing capacitors like the Samsung Electro-Mechanics CL05B104KP5NNNC. Properly characterizing these attributes can help in selecting an appropriate capacitor for a specific application and ensuring optimal circuit operation under varying conditions.

Capacitance

When analyzing the CL05B104KP5NNNC's LCR measurements at 1 Volt and comparing them to the provided statistical benchmarks, we gain valuable insight into the capacitance behavior of this capacitor and its potential suitability for various engineering applications.

Within low-frequency ranges up to 20kHz, the CL05B104KP5NNNC's capacitance values appear to be well aligned with the average benchmark levels. For example, at 5kHz, the capacitor exhibits a series capacitance of 96.18n, which sits closely to the benchmark average of 97.93n. This pattern of correlation generally persists for higher frequency levels, although it is essential to acknowledge that the capacitor's performance begins to diverge from the mean values as the frequency rises.

Upon reaching a frequency of 100kHz, the CL05B104KP5NNNC's value becomes 85.66n, in comparison to the benchmark average of 88.4n. This difference becomes more pronounced at 200kHz, where the series capacitance measures 83.24n against the benchmark average of 85.98n. This tendency to deviate from average performance continues for even higher frequencies, generally resulting in a performance that falls short of the benchmark average.

At an increased operating voltage of 10 Volts, the component's performance exhibits noteworthy variation. At specific frequencies, such as 10kHz and 20kHz, the capacitance values surpass the benchmark averages, registering 98.71n and 102.5n, respectively. However, the capacitor consistently underperforms in comparison to the average benchmarks at other, higher frequencies.

Overall, the CL05B104KP5NNNC Capacitor demonstrates solid performance within the low to mid-frequency ranges, but deviations from the benchmark averages become more noticeable as the frequency increases. This behavior persists for both the 1 Volt and 10 Volt operating scenarios. As such, when determining the suitability of this capacitor for a specific application, it is crucial to take into account its capacitance characteristics across the entire frequency spectrum.

Series Resistance

In this section, we will be examining the series resistance performance of the Samsung Electro-Mechanics CL05B104KP5NNNC capacitor. The performance of the capacitor will be discussed when tested at 1 volt and 10 volts against the provided statistical benchmark data. Identifying the series resistance behavior is crucial for applications that require low impedance at certain frequencies, as it impacts the efficiency and overall performance of the electronic circuit.

At 1 volt, the CL05B104KP5NNNC capacitor demonstrates a wide range of series resistance values across the test frequencies. Interestingly, the component outperforms the statistical benchmark values at frequencies 100 kHz and above, indicating a higher capability to handle high-speed signals and resistive elements at such frequencies. However, at lower frequencies (5-50 kHz), the capacitor falls short compared to the benchmark, demonstrating higher series resistance values. This deviation from the benchmark values becomes more pronounced as the frequency decreases, and it might lead to potential issues with signal integrity and power efficiency in low-frequency applications.

When tested at 10 volts, the Samsung capacitor experiences a trend similar to the 1-volt test situation. The series resistance values are generally higher than the provided benchmark, especially at lower frequencies. Its performance again appears to improve as the frequency increases, almost aligning with the benchmark values at 100 kHz but still remaining higher. This suggests that the capacitor's behavior remains consistent across different voltage levels, but it reinforces the need to carefully assess its suitability for low-frequency applications.

Overall, the Samsung CL05B104KP5NNNC capacitor's performance in terms of series resistance is relatively adequate at higher frequencies. However, electronics engineers should be cautious when implementing this component in circuits operating at lower frequencies, as its performance deviates significantly from the benchmark values and may not be ideal for those applications. Engineers should also consider other factors, such as temperature variation and aging, which can further impact the capacitor's series resistance and overall performance in the targeted application.

Dissipation Factor and Quality Factor

In this section, we will closely evaluate the Dissipation Factor (Df) and Quality Factor (Q) performance levels of the Samsung Electro-Mechanics CL05B104KP5NNNC multilayer ceramic capacitor. These factors are essential to understanding the capacitor's efficiency and energy loss characteristics in various applications and frequency ranges.

Upon analysis of test results at 1V, we observe Df values ranging between 0.021 and 0.036, while Q values span from 27.67 to 48.63 across various test frequencies. When compared to the best-case benchmark data for equivalent capacitors, the CL05B104KP5NNNC exhibits relatively good performance with its lower Df values, albeit they are not the lowest in this category. Regarding Q values, we note a consistent peak within the lower-middle test frequency range.

As the voltage level increases to 10V, the Df values tend to be generally lower when compared to 1V. However, an important observation is the noticeable increase in Df at low test frequencies. For instance, a Df of 0.046 at 10 Hz compared to 0.011 at 5 Hz indicates a potential impact on specific applications that demand superior performance in low-frequency environments. Alternatively, the Q values at 5 Hz are significantly higher, which could prove advantageous. It's important to note, though, that Q values drop sharply as the test frequency increases, eventually stabilizing at higher frequencies. These variations in Q values are crucial factors to consider when selecting this particular capacitor for designs that operate across different frequency ranges.

Comparative Analysis

Conclusion

In this review, we analyzed the performance of the Samsung Electro-Mechanics CL05B104KP5NNNC Capacitor (Ceramic: X7R) in comparison to the statistical benchmark formed from other components of the same value. Taking into account various parameters – Impedance, Capacitance, Series Resistance, Dissipation Factor, and Quality Factor, we can draw the following conclusions.

Overall, the component shows reasonable performance when compared to the benchmark data. In the 1 Volt test, the Dissipation Factors are similar to the benchmark average values, except for the 10 kHz test frequency with 0.046 dissipation factor, which is slightly higher than the benchmark average of 0.03. The Quality Factor performance generally aligns with the benchmark data but is particularly exceptional at 5 kHz and 1 MHz, registering 269.48 and 27.67, respectively, in the 10 Volt test.

Series Resistance follows the average trend, while the Series Capacitance remains relatively consistent throughout all tested frequencies. Although, in higher frequencies (>150 kHz), this component shows a slightly lower capacitance value than the benchmark, lower frequencies (<5 kHz) display a capacitance above the benchmark average. However, it is essential to note that after the 750 kHz test point, the data from the LCR Measurements at 10 Volts tables was left out, and we, therefore, cannot present a complete analysis covering the higher frequency ranges at this voltage level.

In conclusion, the Samsung Electro-Mechanics CL05B104KP5NNNC Capacitor demonstrates decent performance, particularly at lower frequencies, which could make it suitable for certain circuit applications. Engineers should be pleased with this Ceramic: X7R capacitor's general consistency and performance across the benchmarks.