Introduction

Welcome to this technical review of Samsung Electro-Mechanics' CL31A475KAHNNNE 4.7µF ±10% 25V Ceramic Capacitor from the X5R range. This review will provide you with comprehensive details of the capacitor's electric properties, including its capacitance, series resistance, dissipation factor, and quality factor, as well as a comparative analysis with statistical benchmark data for components bearing similar values.

The CL31A475KAHNNNE is a surface-mount capacitor with a 1206 (3216 Metric) package. The goal of this review is to present unbiased information to help qualified engineers assess if this capacitor product would be suitable for meeting their circuits' requirements.

In summary, the pros and cons of the CL31A475KAHNNNE capacitor are as follows:

• Pros:
  • High nominal capacitance value (4.7µF ±10%) suitable for various applications.
  • Satisfactory series resistance values in several frequency ranges.
  • Good performance at lower test frequencies.
  • Wide range of test voltages and frequencies tested, providing comprehensive insight into the capacitor's behavior and characteristics.
• Cons:
  • Drastic decrease in performance at high test frequencies where the capacitor's impedance indications are unavailable.
  • Generally higher dissipation factors throughout the frequency range, sometimes indicating lower energy efficiency in comparison to the benchmark data.
  • Varying quality factor values which may be inadequate for certain applications.

By examining the data available, we aim to provide an instructive analysis of the Samsung Electro-Mechanics' CL31A475KAHNNNE capacitor's performance and potential fit for your project needs. Ensuring that our extensive review considers all aspects integral to the interests of capacitors, ceramic: X5R related terms, and the component part number.

Impedance

The Samsung Electro-Mechanics CL31A475KAHNNNE, based on the provided LCR measurements, demonstrates lower impedance values compared to the average benchmark across multiple test frequencies. This is important in electronic designs as lower impedance values allow for better power transfer and signal integrity, thus improving overall circuit performance.

For instance, at a test frequency of 100Hz and 1V, the capacitor registers an impedance of 315.5 Ohms, which is notably below the average benchmark of 321.6 Ohms. In addition, at a test frequency of 1kHz and 1V, the CL31A475KAHNNNE exhibits an impedance of 34.58 Ohms against the average benchmark of 35.31 Ohms. These test results confirm the capacitor's strong performance in low frequency applications, attesting to its reliability and effectiveness in these scenarios.

At higher frequencies, the CL31A475KAHNNNE continues to show competitive impedance values, which are particularly important as real-world circuits often include high-frequency signals. For example, at a test frequency of 400kHz and 1V, the capacitor posts an impedance of 98.42m Ohms, which is remarkably below the benchmark average of 216.8m Ohms. Furthermore, at a test frequency of 1MHz and 1V, the capacitor exhibits an impedance of 34.66m Ohms, significantly outperforming the benchmark average of 169.5m Ohms. These figures suggest that the capacitor's impedance performance does not drastically deteriorate at high frequencies, thus increasing its suitability for such applications.

When subjected to high voltage conditions, the CL31A475KAHNNNE continues to showcase a competitive impedance performance compared to the statistical benchmark, demonstrating its ability to maintain steady performance even under stress. For instance, at 10V and a test frequency of 100kHz, the capacitor records an impedance of 413.3m Ohms, considerably below the benchmark maximum of 1.536 Ohms. This observation indicates the capacitor's robust behavior under harsher operating conditions.

In conclusion, the strong impedance performance of the Samsung Electro-Mechanics CL31A475KAHNNNE makes it a suitable choice for engineers seeking optimal capacitors that meet both low- and high-frequency application requirements while upholding competitive impedance values. Its proven performance in a variety of conditions also serves as an assurance to designers that this component is reliable and suited for a wide range of applications.

Capacitance

An in-depth analysis of the capacitance performance for this component reveals some significant observations. To understand these findings, it's essential to examine specific frequency ranges and test conditions to get a comprehensive view of this component's capabilities. The nominal capacitance value is 4.7 μF with a tolerance range of ±10%, which offers flexibility in various applications.

Looking at the lower test frequencies, which range from 5 Hz to 150 Hz, the component's capacitance remains consistently within the average benchmark value. This behavior indicates stable performance within this frequency range. For instance, at a test frequency of 5 Hz, the measured capacitance is 5.184 μF, which compares favorably to the average benchmark value of 5.107 μF. This consistency in performance extends up to 150 kHz, where the measured capacitance of the component equals the benchmark average of 4.001 μF.

As the test frequency increases, certain discrepancies in capacitance values emerge. Specifically, within the frequency range of 200 kHz to 800 kHz, the component's capacitance exceeds the average benchmark value. For instance, at a test frequency of 500 kHz, the measured capacitance is 4.201 μF, while the benchmark average is 5.209 μF. A noticeable peak in capacitance is observed at 1 MHz with a value of 5.279 μF, significantly higher than the benchmark average of 4.623 μF for this frequency.

When evaluating the component's performance at different voltage levels, some interesting trends appear. At a test voltage of 10 Volts, the capacitance shows improvement in the higher frequency ranges compared to the measurements taken at 1 Volt. For example, at a frequency of 5 MHz, the component's capacitance measures 5.262 μF, which closely aligns with the benchmark average of 5.107 μF measured at 1 Volt. This improved consistency is observed from lower to midrange frequencies when the component is tested at 10 Volts, as opposed to 1 Volt.

In conclusion, this capacitance analysis provides valuable insights into the component's performance. Engineers may find the component to be an excellent choice for applications requiring low to medium frequencies, especially when operating at 1 Volt. However, for high-frequency applications, engineers should be aware of the capacitance variation, particularly within the 200 kHz to 800 kHz range. Employing this knowledge while evaluating the component's suitability for specific circuits will enable informed decision-making in selecting the optimal component for their design requirements.

Series Resistance

In this review, we provide an extensive analysis of the series resistance performance of the Samsung Electro-Mechanics CL31A475KAHNNNE capacitor by comparing it to a statistical benchmark that consists of data gathered from other similar capacitors. The series resistance values are examined at two distinct test voltage levels: 1 V and 10 V.

At the 1 V testing level, the series resistance of the CL31A475KAHNNNE capacitor exhibits a wide range that spans from 159.5 mOhms to 262.6 Ohms, measured across a range of test frequencies which vary from 5 Hz to 1 MHz. When evaluating this capacitor against the benchmark average series resistance values, the CL31A475KAHNNNE demonstrates a better-than-average performance, especially between the frequency range of 100 Hz and 900 kHz. It is noted that at 100 kHz, the CL31A475KAHNNNE delivers a 22.77 mOhms series resistance, significantly lower than the benchmark mean value of 143.8 mOhms. This achievement of lower resistances translates into higher power efficiency and reduced heat generation in the system, which can positively impact applications that require minimal losses.

However, upon closer inspection, it is observed that the CL31A475KAHNNNE's series resistance performance in lower frequencies, such as 5 Hz and 10 Hz, and higher frequencies, like 950 kHz and 1 MHz, leans closer to the statistical benchmark values. One example of such closeness occurs at 5 Hz, where the capacitor's series resistance is 262.6 Ohms as opposed to the benchmark average value of 252 Ohms.

Continuing our analysis with the 10 V testing level, we once again encounter a trend in which the CL31A475KAHNNNE capacitor displays superior performance compared to the average benchmark data for test frequencies that range between 50 Hz and 650 kHz. More specifically, at 100 kHz, the component achieves a series resistance value of 12.83 mOhms, a significant improvement over the benchmark average in that frequency range.

When the series resistance of the CL31A475KAHNNNE is evaluated at the 10 V voltage level, it exhibits an increase across several frequencies, particularly at 5 Hz (287 Ohms) and 10 Hz (141.9 Ohms). Such a pattern is not entirely unexpected, as higher voltages are known to impact dielectric properties and subsequently contribute to greater energy dissipation in the system.

In conclusion, our meticulous review reveals that the Samsung Electro-Mechanics CL31A475KAHNNNE capacitor offers outstanding series resistance performance covering an extensive array of test frequencies, notably excelling in regions with lower resistance values. Engineers designing applications that demand low series resistance and minimal power dissipation at various frequencies may find the CL31A475KAHNNNE capacitor to be a suitable choice for achieving enhanced efficiency and reduced heat generation in their products.

Dissipation Factor and Quality Factor

The dissipation factor (DF) and quality factor (Q) are essential parameters in assessing the performance of capacitors. Utilizing LCR measurements at 1 Volt, the Samsung Electro-Mechanics CL31A475KAHNNNE capacitor demonstrates a Df range of 0.032 - 0.567, alongside a Q spectrum of 1.76 - 30.67. When compared to a standard statistical benchmark, the Df values indicate that the capacitor exhibits superior performance at higher frequencies (i.e., around 1kHz and above), where the Df remains relatively low (0.032 - 0.212). On the same note, the Q-factor observations denote optimal performance at higher frequencies, specifically between 5k and 10k, with values of 48.24 and 49.94, respectively.

Upon analyzing LCR measurements at 10 Volts, it becomes evident that the CL31A475KAHNNNE model showcases a Df range of 0.028 - 0.302 and a Q spectrum of 3.46 - 35.37. Similar to the 1 Volt results, the performance at higher frequencies remains satisfactory, especially around 1k (with a Df and Q of 0.063 and 15.90, respectively). Additional observations emphasize optimal Q-factor performance around 5k to 75k with concurrent values of 20.01 at 5k, 24.46 at 10k, 35.37 at 75k, and approximately 33.73 at 50k.

Overall, the Samsung Electro-Mechanics CL31A475KAHNNNE Capacitor demonstrates positive performance regarding low Df values and high Q factors at higher frequencies. In comparison to the statistical benchmark for similar components, this capacitor stands as a competitive and viable option for product integration, depending on the engineer's specific requirements and performance criteria. It is crucial to assess the range of performances across the operating frequency bands and voltage levels, while also ensuring that the intended application and its associated parameters align with these considerations. A comprehensive understanding of DF and Q values is fundamental to optimizing the capacitor's performance in electronic circuits and systems.

Comparative Analysis

Conclusion

The CL31A475KAHNNNE, manufactured by Samsung Electro-Mechanics, is a Ceramic X5R capacitor with a nominal value of 4.7μF, a tolerance of ±10%, and a voltage rating of 25 volts. It is designed for surface mount applications and comes in the 1206 (3216 Metric) package. After a thorough analysis of its LCR measurements at both 1 Volt and 10 Volts, we delved into the performance of the capacitor against the provided statistical benchmark.

Impedance values were closely aligned with the average impedance benchmark across the entire range of tested frequencies. When comparing the dissipation factor, the CL31A475KAHNNNE consistently falls within or below the average range, indicating a lower power loss. The quality factor, which measures the energy loss per charge-discharge cycle, is consistently higher than the stated minimum, thus signifying this capacitor's efficient performance and reliability.

Series resistance was found to be within the acceptable range when compared to the average benchmark data. Additionally, the series capacitance of the CL31A475KAHNNNE closely aligns with the average range across the test frequency spectrum. This indicates that the component should perform satisfactorily based on these factors. Nonetheless, engineers should consider specific application requirements when making a selection.

In conclusion, the Samsung Electro-Mechanics CL31A475KAHNNNE is a competent choice for a Ceramic X5R capacitor with a 4.7μF nominal value, offering reliable performance and a low dissipation factor compared to the given benchmark data. It would be suitable for applications within specified frequency ranges and voltage limitations. Ultimately, the CL31A475KAHNNNE shows promising performance while adhering to industry benchmarks, making it a viable option for consideration by engineers and designers.