Introduction

In this technical review, we will analyse the performance of Panasonic Electronic Components' Capacitor EEU-HD1E470B compared to a statistical benchmark formed from other components with the same value. As a 47µF Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor mounted through hole in a radial can, our impartial evaluation will focus on how this Capacitor performs in terms of capacitance, series resistance, dissipation factor, and quality factor.

The EEU-HD1E470B Capacitor has undergone LCR measurements at 1 Volt and 10 Volts across a range of test frequencies, from 5 Hz to 1 MHz. This data will be used to inform our instructive comparison and provide a comprehensive understanding of its performance against the benchmark.

Before diving into the subsequent sections of the review, let us highlight the pros and cons of the EEU-HD1E470B Capacitor, based on the data:

• Performs well at lower test frequencies
• Lower impedance levels and quality factors in comparison with benchmark

• Discrepancies in performance at higher test frequencies
• Higher dissipation factors and series resistance levels

With this overview in mind, the upcoming sections – Capacitance, Series Resistance, Dissipation Factor and Quality Factor, Comparative Analysis – will explore further details to help engineers decide whether the EEU-HD1E470B Capacitor is an optimal choice with respect to performance and application requirements.

Impedance

When analyzing the impedance of Panasonic Electronic Components' EEU-HD1E470B Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor, it is crucial to understand its behavior compared to the statistical benchmark data. This comparison provides insight into the component's performance and compatibility with other components in the circuit.

At a test frequency of 5 Hz, the component's impedance is 704.2 Ohms, which exceeds the average impedance of the statistical benchmark data, which stands at 656.9 Ohms. A similar trend can be observed at higher test frequencies, such as 10 Hz. At this frequency, the component has an impedance of 361.3 Ohms, while the benchmark's average is 332.8 Ohms. The trend continues at 100 Hz, with the component impedance measuring at 39.13 Ohms, compared to the benchmark's average impedance of 35.87 Ohms.

Additionally, as test frequencies increase, the component's impedance consistently remains higher than the statistical benchmark, even when the applied voltage is 1 Volt. For instance, at test frequencies of 50 kHz, the component's impedance is 876.5m Ohms, considerably higher than the benchmark data's average impedance of 344.1m Ohms. This pattern persists at higher frequencies, such as 100 kHz (846.8m Ohms for the component vs. 319.4m Ohms for the benchmark), and 1 MHz (746.7m Ohms for the component vs. 286.2m Ohms for the benchmark).

Examining the capacitor's performance at a higher voltage, such as 10 Volts, reveals similar patterns, with the component's impedance consistently higher than that of the statistical benchmark. In test frequencies ranging from 5 Hz to 1 MHz, the disparities between the component's impedance and the benchmark impedance remain consistent. It is essential to consider this observation when evaluating how the EEU-HD1E470B Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor performs in various electrical environments, as a higher impedance may affect the capacitor's ability to store and discharge energy efficiently within the circuit.

Capacitance

The EEU-HD1E470B Capacitor was methodically compared to the given statistical benchmark data to evaluate its capacitive performance. Measurements were rigorously conducted at both 1 Volt and 10 Volts across an extensive range of test frequencies, providing a well-rounded view of the capacitor's behavior under different conditions.

At a 1 Volt test voltage, the EEU-HD1E470B exhibits a capacitance that consistently falls within the statistical benchmark data range, spanning frequencies from 5 Hz to 100 kHz. While maintaining consistency across this range, it is worth noting that the capacitor demonstrates a moderately lower capacitance as compared to an average aluminum electrolytic capacitor of the same nominal value. This difference is especially pronounced at higher frequencies. For example, at 100 kHz, the EEU-HD1E470B reaches 16.11 μF capacitance, in contrast to the 30.1 μF average exhibited by the statistical benchmark data. Nevertheless, this capacitor stays within the acceptable range up to a frequency of 150 kHz.

Progressing to a higher test voltage of 10 Volts, the EEU-HD1E470B follows a similar performance trend. It continues to present capacitance values between the minimum and average values of the statistical benchmark data. While the differences between the EEU-HD1E470B and the benchmark average remain less significant at lower frequencies, they become more appreciable as frequencies increase. This observation reveals a diminished performance at higher test voltages relative to the benchmark.

Overall, the EEU-HD1E470B aluminum electrolytic capacitor displays a moderately lower-than-average capacitance performance when compared to the given statistical benchmark data. This trend is particularly evident at higher frequencies and voltages. As electronics engineers evaluate the compatibility of this capacitor in various circuits, it is crucial to consider these observations since specific applications might demand an electrolytic capacitor with a higher capacitance performance, particularly at elevated frequencies.

Series Resistance

In this analysis, we delve into the series resistance performance of the EEU-HD1E470B Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor. A comprehensive comparison with the component's statistical benchmark data will be executed, emphasizing findings pertinent to engineers seeking an optimal component of this type.

At a test voltage of 1 Volt, the EEU-HD1E470B's series resistance remains below the average series resistance of the benchmark data across the majority of the tested frequencies. Significant deviations can be observed at 10 Hz (18.89 Ω, compared to the average of 18.59 Ω), 50 Hz (4.754 Ω against 3.037 Ω), and 100 Hz (2.861 Ω compared to 1.704 Ω). These disparities might be of consequence for specific applications wherein engineers require performance within certain boundaries. It is critical to note the possible trade-offs according to the electrical response equilibrium limits pertaining to the frequency responses of varying capacitor types.

Conversely, the data gleaned from the LCR measurements taken at 10 Volts indicates that the EEU-HD1E470B's series resistance vacillates around the benchmark data, exhibiting figures slightly above or below the statistical average series resistance. An incongruity is spotted at the 50 Hz test frequency, where the component's series resistance (5.536 Ω) significantly overshoots the average series resistance of benchmark data (3.037 Ω). This outcome suggests that the EEU-HD1E470B might not perform as favorably as its counterparts in the aluminum electrolytic capacitor market when exposed to higher test frequencies at 10 volts. Engineers must scrutinize the responsiveness to voltage fluctuations to ensure the capacitor's series resistance aligns with design specifications and maintains robust performance.

On the whole, the EEU-HD1E470B Capacitor showcases a mixed performance concerning its series resistance when juxtaposed with the statistical benchmarks. Engineers evaluating this capacitor should thoughtfully weigh the specific application requirements and the ramifications of the observed fluctuations in the component's series resistance values. The EEU-HD1E470B maintains its position as a viable contender among aluminum electrolytic capacitors under certain conditions and requisite performance thresholds.

Dissipation Factor and Quality Factor

In this section, we examine the EEU-HD1E470B's performance with regard to its Dissipation Factor (Df) and Quality Factor (Q), comparing these values to standard benchmarks. A thorough understanding of these parameters is pivotal as they can profoundly impact the overall performance of electronic circuits. A low Df is sought after as it reduces energy losses, while an elevated Q factor is deemed optimal for excellent performance within an electronics circuit.

When subjected to 1 Volt, the EEU-HD1E470B demonstrates commendable performance compared to benchmark data for low test frequencies, ranging from 5Hz to 50Hz. However, as the test frequency surpasses 50Hz, the capacitor exhibits remarkably high Df values. For example, at test frequencies of 5kHz and 10kHz, the capacitor displays Df values of 1.063 and 1.904, respectively, signifying inferior performance at elevated frequencies. Despite this, the corresponding Quality Factors at 5kHz and 10kHz frequencies are 0.94 and 0.53, respectively, denoting a low degree of energy loss within the component.

Upon increasing the voltage to 10 Volts, the EEU-HD1E470B's Df values remain relatively stable up to a 100Hz test frequency, striking a balance between energy loss and performance. However, akin to the 1 Volt scenario, the capacitor's Df values escalate significantly with a rise in test frequencies, reaching the highest recorded value of 8.192 at 100kHz. Quality Factors for the capacitor once again showcase a decreasing pattern as the test frequency amplifies, registering values of 0.17 and 0.12 for 50kHz and 100kHz frequencies, respectively.

Engineers employing the EEU-HD1E470B must meticulously assess its performance in terms of Dissipation and Quality Factors, as various test frequencies produce distinct outcomes. For applications necessitating lower frequencies, this capacitor delivers excellent performance with respect to energy loss. However, its high Df values in exceptional frequency tests may render it unsuitable for certain applications that demand optimum results under higher frequency conditions.

Comparative Analysis

Conclusion

In conclusion, the Panasonic EEU-HD1E470B aluminum electrolytic capacitor demonstrated interesting performance characteristics upon analysis, slightly deviating from the benchmark statistical data in certain areas. Engineers considering this capacitor for inclusion in their circuits should take the following observations into account.

Throughout various frequencies at 1 Volt, this capacitor's impedance and dissipation factor showed a reliable and consistent performance. Notable values are observed at 50 kHz, where the EEU-HD1E470B measured impedance of 876.5m Ohms compared to the average benchmark of 344.1m Ohms and a dissipation factor of 6.261 compared to the average benchmark of 1.76. At frequency of 750 kHz, the capacitor achieved a series resistance of 1.838 kOhms, standing out from other components with lesser values. In terms of capacitance, this capacitor consistently delivered values equivalent to or near its nominal value, with favorable measurements throughout a spectrum of test frequencies.

When evaluated under the 10 Volts test scenario, the capacitor maintains its stability, with variations in series resistance slightly diverging from the statistical benchmark. Overall, the EEU-HD1E470B's performance regarding impedance, dissipation factor, and quality factor followed a similar trend with slight deviations.

To summarize, the Panasonic EEU-HD1E470B aluminum electrolytic capacitor exhibits stable performance characteristics making it suitable for engineers looking for a reliable component in their circuits. While deviations between the capacitor's measurements and the statistical benchmark data were observed, it is crucial to consider how the EEU-HD1E470B's specific performance traits align with the requirements of individual projects and use cases.