Introduction

The Würth Elektronik 860240473003 Capacitor is an Aluminum Electrolytic capacitor with a nominal value of 47μF, a tolerance of ±20%, a voltage rating of 25V, through-hole mounting, and a radial can package. We will delve into the performance of this capacitor using various frequency ranges at 1V and 10V by examining the impedance, dissipation factor, quality factor, series resistance, and capacitance with a focus on comparing these findings to the statistical benchmark data of other components of the same value.

Pros/Cons:

• Pros:
  1. High nominal value for Aluminum Electrolytic capacitor
  2. Wide voltage rating
  3. Through-hole mounting provides stability for various applications
• Cons:
  1. ±20% tolerance may present inaccuracies for demands on tighter tolerances
  2. Significant variations in impedance, dissipation factor, and series resistance at varying frequency ranges

Impedance

In a detailed investigation of the frequency-dependent impedance of Würth Elektronik's 860240473003 aluminum electrolytic capacitor, a comparison with the benchmark data of similar components reveals some significant disparities in performance. Conducting the tests at a standard value of 1 Volt, the capacitor exhibits a relatively high impedance at lower frequencies: 658.7 Ohms at 5 Hz and 331.2 Ohms at 10 Hz. When compared to the average benchmark impedance of around 656.9 Ohms and 332.8 Ohms at 5 Hz and 10 Hz, respectively, the capacitor's figures are almost aligned with the benchmark averages.

However, a closer examination of the mid-range frequencies reveals that the impedance for the 860240473003 capacitor falls below the benchmark average. At a test frequency of 50 Hz, the impedance is measured at 67.52 Ohms; while at 100 Hz, it is 34.29 Ohms. In comparison, the statistical benchmark data average impedance at these frequencies are 69.54 Ohms and 35.87 Ohms, respectively. This trend of gradually declining impedance values continues with increasing frequencies, where the component's impedance values are markedly lower than benchmark averages. For example, at a test frequency of 1 kHz, the capacitor's impedance is 3.755 Ohms, compared to the benchmark average impedance of 4.046 Ohms.

When the testing voltage is raised to 10 Volts, the impedance values of the 860240473003 capacitor do not show significant deviation from the 1 Volt test readings. At 5 Hz, the component's impedance measures at 644.8 Ohms, which is in close proximity to the impedance observed at 1 Volt. A similar pattern is noticed at higher test frequencies as well. For instance, at 50 Hz and 100 Hz, the impedance values are 66.89 Ohms and 34.03 Ohms, respectively, both exhibiting only a slight decrease from the readings taken at 1 Volt.

In summary, the Würth Elektronik 860240473003 aluminum electrolytic capacitor demonstrates impedance values that are close to or within the benchmark range at lower frequencies; however, it consistently registers a deviation below the average benchmark levels as the test frequencies increase. It is crucial for engineers to carefully analyze and take into account these variations when determining if this capacitor is the ideal choice for their specific application requirements.

Capacitance

In this section, we delve into the capacitance performance of the Würth Elektronik 860240473003 aluminum electrolytic capacitor and examine it in relation to the provided statistical benchmark data. This capacitor features a nominal capacitance value of 47μF, a tolerance of ±20%, and a voltage rating of 25V. The comparison will emphasize series capacitance measurements at 1V and 10V across a wide range of test frequencies.

First, we consider the measurements conducted at 1V. The capacitor exemplifies a stable capacitance value that is close to its nominal value (47μF) for test frequencies from 5Hz to 100Hz, where series capacitance values fluctuate between 48.35μF and 46.49μF. When juxtaposed with the benchmark average, the capacitor demonstrates commendable performance within these frequency bands, hewing closely to or surpassing the benchmark average values (49.2μF to 44.55μF).

As the test frequency escalates, the series capacitance of the component generally diminishes, albeit remaining within acceptable boundaries given its tolerance and nominal value. Between 1kHz and 10kHz, the capacitor's capacitance lies in the range of 44.02μF to 37.52μF, which still approximates the benchmark average values quite closely (40.54μF to 37.07μF). Beyond 10kHz, the capacitor's capacitance descents more drastically and remains consistently below the benchmark average values. Notably, at 1MHz and 1V, the component exhibits a series capacitance of 21.24μF as opposed to the benchmark average of 345.5μF.

Upon evaluating the capacitor at 10V, we identify analogous performance patterns. The component depicts excellent capacitance performance at lower test frequencies, remaining within the range of 49.37μF to 46.85μF between 5Hz and 100Hz. As the test frequency increases, the discrepancies between the observed component values and the benchmark averages become more pronounced, particularly at higher frequencies.

Essentially, the Würth Elektronik 860240473003 aluminum electrolytic capacitor showcases stable capacitance performance in low to mid-frequency ranges when compared to the provided statistical benchmark, with capacitance values that closely align with or surpass the benchmark averages. Nonetheless, its performance lags behind the benchmark average values as the test frequencies mount, particularly in the high-frequency domain. Consequently, engineers who assess this capacitor for integration into their circuits should remain cognizant of this performance behavior when designing circuits operating within high-frequency realms.

Series Resistance

In this section, we will analyze the series resistance of Würth Elektronik's 860240473003 Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor and compare its performance with the statistical benchmarks set for capacitors of the same nominal value. We will delve into the measurements taken at 1 Volt and 10 Volts to better understand the performance of this capacitor at varying voltages and test frequencies.

First, let's focus on the measurements taken at 1 Volt. At a 5Hz test frequency, the capacitor has a series resistance of 11.56 Ohms, which is lower than the average benchmark value of 44.75 Ohms, but higher than the minimum of 8.597 Ohms. Lower series resistance values like this can contribute to reduced energy losses and increased efficiency. As the frequency increases up to 100 kHz, we observe the series resistance decreasing, resulting in values considerably lower than the respective average benchmarks. For instance, at 10 Hz, the component records a series resistance of 6.492 Ohms, quite below the average benchmark of 18.59 Ohms. This trend of decreasing series resistance as frequency increases is typical for capacitors. Furthermore, at 100 kHz, the capacitor records a series resistance of 780.7m Ohms, which is significantly lower than the average benchmark of 298.3m Ohms. We continue to see lower series resistance values compared to the benchmarks up to 1 MHz test frequency, where it records a 699.3m Ohms series resistance, notably lower than the 280.2m Ohms average benchmark.

Moving on to the LCR measurements at 10 Volts, we observe a similar trend to the 1 Volt results, with the series resistance values at various test frequencies remaining lower than their respective average benchmarks. This indicates a consistent performance across different voltage levels. Most notably, at higher frequencies such as 50 kHz, the 860240473003 capacitor records a series resistance of 762m Ohms, compared to the statistical benchmark of 295.7m Ohms. Moreover, at 1 MHz, the component's resistance value is 699.3m Ohms, once again significantly lower than the 280.2m Ohms average benchmark.

In conclusion, the Würth Elektronik 860240473003 Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor demonstrates a consistently lower than average series resistance across various test frequencies, as well as at 1 Volt and 10 Volts voltage levels. A lower series resistance contributes to improved efficiency and reduced energy losses, making this an important performance characteristic to consider in capacitor applications.

Dissipation Factor and Quality Factor

At a test frequency of 1 Volt, the 860240473003 aluminum electrolytic capacitor exhibits a relatively low dissipation factor. Within the examined frequency range, it spans from 0.018 at 5Hz to 0.281 at 1kHz. A lower dissipation factor is beneficial as it signifies reduced energy loss and higher efficiency. Simultaneously, the quality factor of this capacitor is best at 5Hz, registering at 56.98, and wanes gradually as the frequency advances. It reaches a value of 0.01 at both 950kHz and 1MHz. The quality factor, also known as the Q factor, reflects the inherent losses in the capacitor's performance and indicates its capacity to store energy.

When using a 10 Volts test frequency, the dissipation factor of the 860240473003 remains on the lower spectrum, extending from 0.026 at 5Hz and 10Hz to 0.256 at 1kHz. Once again, the quality factor sets out at its apex, with 38.53 at 10Hz, then diminishes alongside increasing frequency until it hits 0.01 at 750kHz. A higher Q factor portrays improved performance due to the lower losses experienced in the circuit.

Evaluating the capabilities of the 860240473003 capacitor against the general benchmark data of other aluminum electrolytic capacitors reveals that it retains a relatively low dissipation factor through an extensive frequency range. In addition, the capacitor demonstrates superior quality factors at reduced test frequencies, which is typically preferred in an array of applications within electronic circuits. Understanding the interplay between dissipation and quality factors enables engineers to select capacitors with suitable characteristics for their specific design requirements, potentially improving the performance and reliability of the overall electronic system.

Comparative Analysis

Conclusion

After thoroughly analyzing the performance of Würth Elektronik's 860240473003 Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor, it is evident that the component exhibits certain noteworthy strengths, as well as some areas where it underperforms compared to the statistical benchmark.

At lower test frequencies (5 Hz to 1 kHz), this Capacitor performs quite well, displaying consistently lower impedance and series resistance compared to the average values in the benchmark. Moreover, the series capacitance measures within the tolerance range, attesting its capacity to store charge effectively.

However, at higher test frequencies (1 kHz to 1 MHz), the 860240473003 Capacitor's performance is less impressive. The component's impedance and series resistance tend to be higher than the benchmark average, suggesting a reduced ability to manage high-frequency signals. Also, the dissipation factor and quality factor are generally far below the average values of the benchmark at higher frequencies, signaling high power loss at those frequencies.

In summary, Würth Elektronik's 860240473003 Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor may be well-suited for applications where low-frequency performance is crucial. However, engineers seeking a component that can withstand and perform efficiently across a wide range of frequencies, especially in high-frequency applications, should consider alternative capacitors that rank higher against the statistical benchmark data.