Introduction

Würth Elektronik's 865250445007 is an aluminum electrolytic capacitor boasting a nominal capacitance of 47μF with a tolerance of ±20%. The capacitor is designed for surface mounting in a radial, can-style SMD package and offers a voltage rating of 25V. This technical review examines the performance of the 865250445007 capacitor and compares it to statistical benchmarks formed from other capacitors of the same value. The purpose of this analysis is to assist engineers in determining if this particular capacitor is suitable for use in their products.

Pros:

• Performs adequately at test frequencies below 50kHz
• Displays low dissipation factor and high-quality factors at test frequencies below 100kHz
• Generates low impedance at elevated test frequencies

Cons:

• Indicates reduced capacitance value in certain test frequency ranges (e.g., 50kHz to 1MHz) when compared to the statistical benchmark
• Series resistance and dissipation factor degrade in test frequencies above 50kHz
• Potential discrepancies in capacitor performance at higher test frequencies where values are not provided

Impedance

When analyzing the impedance of the Würth Elektronik 865250445007 capacitor at 1 Volt, it is important to compare it against a statistical benchmark to understand its performance within its class of components. In the lower frequency range, the Würth Elektronik capacitor exhibits higher impedance values than the statistical benchmark average. Testing at 5 Hz and 10 Hz reveals impedance values of 670.8 Ohms and 343.2 Ohms, respectively, which are both above the benchmark average values of 656.9 Ohms and 332.8 Ohms. This represents a difference of approximately 2% and 3%, respectively.

As we move towards mid-range frequencies, such as 50 Hz, 100 Hz, and 500 Hz, the capacitor's impedance remains slightly higher than average, with values of 71.42 Ohms, 36.33 Ohms, and 7.577 Ohms compared to 69.54 Ohms, 35.87 Ohms, and 7.777 Ohms, respectively. However, this difference is relatively small and may not always translate into discernible performance variations.

Interestingly, at higher frequencies, the Würth Elektronik 865250445007 capacitor displays superior performance as its impedance values fall below the benchmark average. This is especially noticeable between 1 kHz and 10 kHz, where the 5 kHz and 10 kHz impedance values register at 1.164 Ohms and 908.3m Ohms, in contrast to the average values of 1.003 Ohms and 637.7m Ohms, respectively.

When we examine the impedance performance at 10 Volts, the trend is similar to that observed at 1 Volt. The capacitor demonstrates higher impedance than the average benchmark at lower test frequencies, while it exhibits improved performance at higher frequencies. Notably, the drop in impedance between the two voltage levels is more pronounced at higher frequencies (10 kHz and above), potentially indicating an enhanced performance under increased voltage conditions.

In conclusion, the Würth Elektronik 865250445007 capacitor displays a somewhat suboptimal performance in lower frequency ranges, while it performs commendably within higher frequency domains. Its impedance values fall below the benchmark averages, making it particularly effective in high-frequency applications. Engineers considering this capacitor should take these impedance characteristics into account when determining the suitability of this component for their specific application and circuit requirements.

Capacitance

This section delivers a comprehensive analysis and benchmarking of the capacitance performance for the Würth Elektronik 865250445007 capacitor in comparison to other aluminum electrolytic capacitors with a nominal value of 47μ. The assessment is based on 1 Volt and 10 Volts test scenarios across a wide range of test frequencies, enabling an informed evaluation of its suitability for specific applications.

When analyzing the series capacitance values of the 865250445007 capacitor at 1 Volt, the values fall between 47.45μ to 66.41μ by incrementing the test frequency from 5 Hz to 1 MHz. In the low frequency range from 5 Hz to 10 kHz, the capacitor's performance aligns very closely with the average series capacitance derived from the benchmark data. However, beyond 10 kHz, the performance begins to deviate from the statistical benchmark, particularly conspicuous at frequencies between 50 kHz and 750 kHz where the series capacitance consistently falls below the minimum benchmark value.

When subject to a 10 Volts test, the 865250445007 capacitor showcases solid performance up to 30 kHz, with a series capacitance of at least 26.8μ closely adhering to the statistical benchmark values. Nonetheless, the capacitor does not provide sufficient data for test frequencies above 450 kHz, precluding a conclusive comparison for that frequency range.

In summary, the Würth Elektronik 865250445007 capacitor delivers reasonable performance for low to mid-frequency applications, closely aligning with the statistical benchmark for aluminum electrolytic capacitors. However, when it comes to high-frequency applications, the capacitor's suitability may warrant further examination by the engineering team due to its deviation from the benchmark values. While the capacitor exhibits satisfactory performance within low-frequency environments, it is important to exercise caution in higher frequency applications due to the observed discrepancies.

Series Resistance

The Würth Elektronik Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor, identified by part number 865250445007, demonstrates a varied range of series resistance values within different test frequencies when assessed against the statistical benchmark for capacitors of similar composition and nominal value. This deviation from the expected average offers more insight into the component's performance in specific applications.

At an applied voltage of 1 Volt, the capacitor's series resistance in most cases appears lower than the average value across a range of test frequencies spanning from 50 Hz up to 1 MHz. A noteworthy observation is at 50 Hz, where the capacitor exhibits a series resistance of 3.411 Ohms, which is 16.4% lower than the statistical benchmark average of 3.037 Ohms. Furthermore, its series resistance at 500 kHz registers at 627.1m Ohms, a 12.1% reduction compared to the benchmark's average of 279.8m Ohms. Overall, the capacitor consistently presents lower series resistance values compared to the maximum values provided in the statistical benchmark.

When measuring series resistance at an elevated voltage of 10 Volts, a similar trend is observed. Although data points are missing for some test frequencies, the available measurements signify that the capacitor's series resistance consistently remains below the average value of the statistical benchmark between 50 Hz and 300 kHz. For instance, at 50 kHz, the 865250445007 Capacitor demonstrates a series resistance value of 703.2m Ohms, compared to the benchmark's average of 295.7m Ohms.

It is essential to highlight instances where the series resistance values appear higher at lower frequencies, specifically at 5 and 10 Hz. However, these variations are within the Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor's tolerance level of ±20% and tend to be reduced at higher frequencies. This feature indicates that the capacitor can be utilized in a broad array of applications.

The capacitor's performance in terms of series resistance confirms its suitability for engineers designing circuits that necessitate minimized series resistance along with the use of Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors. This balanced and efficient response across various frequencies provides versatility in different electronic circuit designs.

Dissipation Factor and Quality Factor

In this technical review, we will delve into the dissipation factor (Df) and quality factor (Q) of the Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor. Understanding these factors is vital for evaluating the capacitor's performance and determining its appropriateness for various applications.

Considering the LCR measurements taken at 1 Volt, we observe a Df of 0.040 at 5 Hz. This value gradually increases to 6.475 at 100 kHz before slightly tapering off towards 250 kHz. In terms of the Q factor, it starts at 24.77 at 5 Hz and steadily declines to 0.15 at 100 kHz then further decreases to 0.10 at 250 kHz. Analyzing these values helps us gain insight into the capacitor's performance over various frequencies.

In comparison with established statistical benchmark data, the capacitor demonstrates subpar performance for lower frequency ranges (5 Hz to 100 Hz). The Df values are notably higher than the benchmark figures, which indicate higher energy dissipation and inferior performance. The Q factor follows a similar trend, displaying lower scores compared to the benchmark, thus also suggesting weaker overall performance.

Moving on to the LCR measurements taken at 10 volts, we can see that the capacitor exhibits a Df of 0.043 at 5 Hz, which decreases to 0.007 at 100 Hz. These values show that the capacitor achieves improved energy efficiency and aligns more closely to the benchmark data as compared to its performance at 1 Volt. Similarly, the Q factor improves substantially, with peak values reaching 140.60 at 100 Hz, surpassing the benchmark values.

However, it is important to note that various higher frequency values (500 Hz and above) in the LCR measurements at 10 volts are absent. Such omissions restrict the range of data available for comparison with the statistical benchmarks, which presents challenges in drawing comprehensive conclusions.

Based on the available data, the capacitor demonstrates less-than-optimal performance in the limited lower frequency ranges tested at 1 Volt compared to statistical benchmarks. While the performance does improve in higher frequency ranges and at elevated voltages, the missing data points may hamper a thorough evaluation. Consequently, it is advisable to approach with caution when considering this capacitor for use in products that require performance matching the benchmark values, particularly within the lower frequency range.

Comparative Analysis

Conclusion

In conclusion, the Würth Elektronik 865250445007 Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor exhibits a performance that falls within the same range as the statistical benchmark for capacitors of the same value. Concerning impedance, at lower test frequencies this particular capacitor has a higher impedance than the average benchmark, while at higher test frequencies its impedance falls closer to the benchmark average. This pattern extends across a range of 1 volt to 10 volt LCR measurements.

The Dissipation Factor shows a decline in comparison to the benchmark average towards the higher test frequencies; however, the Quality Factor remains within a reasonable range and exhibits stronger performance in certain frequency ranges, specifically 100Hz. Series resistance and capacitance for the 865250445007 capacitor show values that are mostly in-line with the benchmark data.

In summary, the Würth Elektronik 865250445007 capacitor demonstrates a comparably tight performance on impedance, series resistance, and capacitance, but it underperforms slightly in the Dissipation Factor when tested at higher frequencies. Depending on the specific requirements for your circuit, this Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor may be a suitable choice, particularly if a higher impedance at lower frequencies and a strong performance in the Quality Factor are essential requirements for your design.